精神分裂症患者认知功能的纵向研究

摘要

目的：探讨在精神分裂症的纵向病程中认知功能的 改变。　方法：对64例精神分裂症患者，分别在住院期间和5年后随 访观察时的精神症状、认知功能等进行评定。　结果：5年后随访时 阳性、阴性症状群均明显改善；操作智商和全量表智商有所改善，且与阴性症状群相关；神 经心理测验中，循环字母A删除测验和自由联想测验成绩也有改善，但双手手指敲击速度减 慢。　结论：本组精神分裂症患者在良好的维持治疗下，在5年病程 中精神症状得到改善，认知功能也部分得到改善。%Objective:To study the change of cognitive functio n in the longitudinal course of schizophrenia.　Method:64 schizo phrenic patients were rated their psychotic symptoms and cognitive functions dur ing their hospitalization and after 5 years.　Results:According to the first and follow-up assessment,it was improved significantly in negative symptoms,psychotic symptoms,performance IQ and full-scale IQ,and both of IQ we re related to the negative symptoms;on the neuropsychological tests,the scores o f circle A letter-cancellation test and free recall test were also improved obv iously,but the speed of finger-tapping became slow.　Conclusion:It is suggested that psychotic symptoms and cognitive functions in schizophren ia can be improved with good maintenance therapy.