哈尔滨农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行现状调查

摘要

Objective To survey the prevalence rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CODP) in rural areas around Harbin, lo analyse the risk factors of COPD,and to explore the situation of diagnosis and treatment in COPD. Methods A spot-checking study with cluster random sampling method was performed to selec subjects aged more than 40 years. A questionnaire was used in interviews of subjects. Then the .spirorneler equipment was used to teat lung function in those who finished the question-naire. The diagnosis of COPD was based on the standard made by COPD group of Chinese Medical Associ-ulion(2007 Version). Results Survey for a total of 1530 people,the actual completed questionnaire and pulmonary function testing for 1509 people. The overall prevalence of COPD in rural areas around Harhin was 11. 27%, 13. 21% in males and 9.73% in females*. 44 eases had been confirmed, and 19 cases were asymptomatic. The study found that the main COPD risk factors were smoking, senility, low income and the use of hiofuel, elc. Conclusion The overall prevalence of COPD is at a high level in Harbin rural areas aged over 40. The actual state of diagnosis and treatment is far from satisfactory,meanwhile,the indrvidu-al, family and Society are also the risk factor sources in COPD%目的 调查哈尔滨农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病率,分析COPD的相关危险因素,了解COPD的诊治现状.方法 应用整群随机抽样的方法,对哈尔滨农村地区年龄≥40岁的人群进行调查.被调查者填写调查问卷,应用日本捷斯特公司便携式肺功能仪对被调查者行肺通气功能检测,参照中华医学会呼吸病学分会制定的COPD诊治指南(2007年修订版),确定诊断.结果 调查总人数为1530例,实际完成调查问卷和肺通气功能检查1509例;符合COPD诊断者170例,总体患病率为11.27％,男性患病率为13.21％,女性患病率为9.73％;170例COPD患者中既往已被确诊者仅44例(25.88％),无临床症状者19例;影响COPD患病的主要因素有:吸烟、高龄、低收入及生物燃料使用等.结论 哈尔滨农村地区40岁以上人群COPD的患病率处于较高水平,其诊断和治疗现状远不能令人满意,COPD的相关危险因素涉及个体、家庭和社会多个方面.