随钻方位电磁波仪器补偿测量方法研究

摘要

Based on analytical solutions of the electromagnetic field in layered anisotropic formations, the fast responses of azimuthal electromagnetic tools with transverse antenna were simulated. Taking azimuthal multiple resistivity ( AMR) tool of Shengli Drilling Technology Research Institute and azimuthal propagation resistivity ( APR) tool of Baker Hughes as exam-ples, the responses of different axial transmitter ( T) and transverse receiver( R) couplings, such as single T-R,T-R-R, T-R-T,T-R-R-T, were numerically simulated, and were used to analyze the effects of compensation measurements. The simulation results show that the single axial transmitter and transverse receiver coupling can simulate the basic function of the azimuthal electromagnetic measurement, but the measured results can be biased by the surrounding formation conditions, which limits the use of the azimuthal electromagnetic measurements. The transmitter or receiver compensation can correct the influence from tool eccentricity, relative angle deviation and resistivity anisotropy to make the better use of the azimuthal elec-tromagnetic measurements in geosteering.%基于层状各向异性电磁场的解析解，对带有横向天线的方位电磁波仪器进行快速响应数值模拟。以胜利钻井工艺研究院的多频方位电阻率( AMR)仪器和贝克休斯方位电磁波电阻率( APR)仪器为例，对采用轴向发射、横向接收的测量单元分别进行单发单收、单发双收、双发单收以及双发双收的测量组合响应模拟，根据模拟结果对补偿测量的效果进行评价分析。模拟结果表明，单发单收测量单元能实现基本的方位电磁波的测量功能，但易受到地层环境的影响，使其应用受到一定限制。通过发射或接收补偿可以不同程度地消除仪器偏心、相对倾斜角以及电阻率各向异性的影响，使方位电磁波测量资料更好地应用于地质导向中。