基于霍顿下渗公式超渗产流计算几个问题的探讨

摘要

When runoff yield excess was calculated by using Horton infiltration formula, and the corresponding infiltration capacity was calculated based on watershed soil moisture ( W ) by using iterative algorithm, it was found that when W is lesser, iterative cal-culation is normal; when W is moderate, iterative oscillation often occurs; when W is larger, iterative calculation error is easy to happen. This paper, therefore, analyzed the reasons of the iterative oscillation and iterative calculation error, and proposed to re-ducing iteration oscillation by using arithmetic mean method and solving the problem of iterative calculation error by combining the restriction of oscillation amplitude with arithmetic average method. Meanwhile, the experience relation formula of watershed average water storage capacity and the three parameters in the Horton infiltration formula was deduced in the mode of runoff yield excess.%用霍顿下渗公式进行超渗产流计算，用迭代算法根据流域土壤含水量计算相应的下渗能力时发现：当土壤含水量较小时，迭代计算正常；当土壤含水量居中时，易发生迭代震荡现象；当土壤含水量较大时，极易发生迭代计算出错情况。对此，分析了迭代震荡和迭代计算出错的原因；提出了用算术平均法减小迭代震荡的问题；用限制震荡幅度结合算术平均法解决迭代计算出错的问题；同时，推导出了超渗产流模式下流域平均蓄水容量与霍顿下渗公式中三参数间的经验关系式。