基于数字散斑技术的深部巷道围岩岩爆倾向相似材料试验研究

摘要

借助数字散斑观测技术,采用相似材料模拟方法通过对深部岩巷开挖过程中围岩应力演化特征、变形破坏规律的分析,揭示了深部岩巷围岩稳定性控制机理。分析不同支护作用下开挖速度影响的围岩变形破坏规律,寻求岩爆发生与深部岩巷变形破坏的内在联系。分析实验结果得如下规律：开挖速度加快后,围岩变形塑性区逐渐扩大,深部岩巷岩爆倾向和围岩破坏程度逐渐增大;弱锚网支护对围岩变形有一定的控制作用,强锚网对围岩支护作用明显,支护强度提高,深部岩巷抵抗塑性变形的能力增强,整体变形减小、围岩稳定性提高。%Used equivalent material simulating experimental method,with the help of digital speckle correlation technique,researched the surrounding rock stress evolutive characters and law of deformation and failure during the excavation of deep rock roadway,revealed the deep rock surrounding rock stability control mechanism.Analysed the regularities of rock burst and surrounding rock failure considering the excavation speed and support pattern,seeked the internal relations between rock burst and surrounding rock deformation and failure in deep depth tunnel.Obtianed the following rules from the experimental results with excavation speed accelerated,the surrounding rock deformation plastic zone gradually expanding,deep stone drift rock burst tendency and damage level is gradually increasing;weak rock bolt support has some control function on surrounding rock deformation,strong anchor nets supporting has obvious effect on the surrounding rock,supporting strength improves,deep rock＇s resistance to plastic deformation ability increases,overall deformation decreases,stability of surrounding rock increases.