我国关闭/废弃矿井资源精准开发利用的科学思考

摘要

At present,some mines have reached the end of their life cycle,do not meet the requirements for safe production,or suffer from a lack of financial viability forcing them to face closure or abandonment.If such a mine is closed or abandoned,it will not only cause a huge waste of resources,but also lead to subsequent safety,environmental,and social problems.It is very difficult to exploit and utilize the remaining resources of such closed/abandoned mines in China.In addition,it is impossible to copy the utilization patterns used abroad in foreign waste mine resource handling.Therefore,the overall country strategy,foundation theory,and key technologies lie ahead.Five key scientific problems are posed with a view to improving the exploitation and utilization of closed or abandoned mines in China,namely an analysis of the coupling mechanism of high-efficiency conversion and utilization via underground coal gasification,environmental protection mechanisms for underground space storage based on precise and intelligent control,intelligent precision development modes for mine water and unconventional energy based on multi-field coupled theory,renewable energy development and micro-grid energy transfer modes in closed/abandoned mines,and industrial tourism development based on ecological restoration and environmental support.The work has important political and economic strategic connotations to the development and utilization of closedl abandoned mine resources and a strategic path under the new normal state of coal resources is proposed.It is of significance to those seeking to improve the efficiency of exploitation and utilization of abandoned mine resources.%当前我国煤炭产能中部分矿井已到达其生命周期或不符合安全生产的要求或开采成本高亏损严重,直接关闭或废弃此类矿井不仅造成资源的巨大浪费,还有可能诱发后续的安全、环境及社会等问题.我国关闭/废弃矿井剩余资源开发利用难度大,无法照搬国外利用模式,开展整体战略、基础理论和关键技术研究迫在眉睫.系统阐述了我国关闭/废弃矿井资源开发利用面临的5个科学问题:地下煤炭气化高效转化与开发利用耦合机制、基于安全智能精准控制的地下空间储物环境保障机理、基于多场耦合的矿井水及非常规能源智能精准开发模式、构建关闭/废弃矿井可再生能源开发与微电网输能模式、构建基于生态修复与环境支持的关闭/废弃矿井工业旅游开发模式.在能源生产与消费革命和推动煤炭供给侧改革的新时代背景下,开展我国关闭/废弃矿井资源精准开发利用研究,具有重要的政治和经济战略内涵,对于提高关闭/废弃矿井资源开发利用效率意义重大.