针对减小平面铲板切削倾角和加装水平铲刀2种方式，对平面铲板结构进行改进，并将2种方式得到的铲板分别视为简单铲板和复杂铲板。引入不同铲板结构刃缘相近的概念，使设计的3组简单铲板和复杂铲板具有相近刃缘前移距离，且平均前移距离分别为56.8，114.6和187.8 mm。以级配土为切削对象，采用自行设计的切削装置对3组铲板分别在30，60和90 mm这3种不同切削深度下进行土壤切削阻力对比试验。研究结果表明：有4组试验的简单铲板结构切削阻力小于复杂铲板结构的切削阻力，另有4组试验的2种铲板结构切削阻力基本接近，仅有1组试验的简单铲板结构切削阻力相对偏大。因此，在铲板切削刃缘相近的条件下，对于只考虑切削阻力的土壤切削过程，采用简单铲板结构代替复杂铲板结构是工程实际中有效可行的办法。%The structures of flat blades were improved considering two ways of reducing the rake angle of the flat blade and adding horizontal plate, and the blades improved by the two ways were regarded as simple blade and complex blade, respectively. The concept of edge similarity among different blade structures was introduced, and three groups of simple blades and complex blades with average values of 56.8, 114.6 and 187.8 mm were designed. Based on self-designed testing apparatus, contrast tests under three different cutting depths of 30, 60 and 90 mm on grading soil were carried out to compare the cutting resistance. The results show that four groups of test’s cutting resistances of the simple blades are less than those of the complex blades, and other four groups of tests present a similar cutting resistance, and only one group of test’s cutting resistance of simple blade is higher than that of the complex blade. Therefore, it is an effective and feasible method that complex blades structure is replaced by simple ones in condition of different blades’ structures with similar blade-edge with only considering cutting resistance.
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