北京市社区老年人抑郁及焦虑的影响因素与心脑血管患病关系的调查

摘要

Objective:To explore the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms,its related factors and the relationgship between anxiey or depression and cardiovascular diseases among the elderly people.Methods:A cross-sectional survey based on purposive sampling was conducted among 244 elderly people during May to June,2013 in Dongcheng district in Beijing.All subjects were interviewed by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the general social and demographical material lists.Results:The prevalence rate of depression was 22.5％ reported by elderly people.The average score of SDS was (35.89 ±6.51).The prevalence rate of anxiety was 12.7％ reported by elderly people.The average score of SAS was (41.17-± 8.37).Independent predictors of elderly people depression included patients with hypertension 、coronary heart disease or heart failure,and the people who had more stress from negative life event;Independent predictors of elderly people anxiety included patients with coronary heartdisease or heart failure,and less time for exercise.Conclusion:A high level of anxiety and depression existed in elderly people.So it is very important for us to take some interventions to improve social support and finally the status of caregivers' mental health will be increased.%目的:了解东城区某街道老年人焦虑、抑郁发生状况的影响因素,与心脑血管患病关系.方法:2015年5月至2015年6月间,采用方便抽样对北京市东城区某街道244名老人,应用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自制人口社会学情况调查表进行调查.结果:老年人抑郁症状发生率22.5％,抑郁自评得分平均为(35.89 ±6.51)分,焦虑发生率12.7％,焦虑自评得分平均为(41.17±8.37)分.老年人抑郁症状的危险因素是老人患有冠心病(OR =9.624)、患有高血压(OR=5.649)、合并有心力衰竭(OR=11.510)、一年内有负性事件发生(OR=3.208);老人焦虑症状的危险因素是老人患有心力衰竭(OR=11.385)、患有冠心病(OR=7.268)、老人不经常锻炼(OR =5.810).结论:社区中老年人焦虑、抑郁发生率较高,发生的影响因素来自多方面,因此应采取相应的措施,改善老人的身心健康状况.