低温对橘小实蝇羽化的影响

摘要

[Background] Bactracera dorsalis ( Hendel) ( Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important quarantine pest, with wide occur-rence and causing serious damage. The effect of low temperatures on eclosion of the fruit fly B. dorsalis is not reported. [Method]The effect of low temperatures on eclosion of B. dorsalis were studied in the laboratory by setting different temperatures ( 8℃, 4℃, 0 ℃ and -4 ℃) and time treatments (12 h, 18 h and 24 h). [Result] The emergence rate of B. dorsalis decreased from 100.0%under normal temperature (28℃) to 6.7% at 0℃. The period of eclosion time also increased, from 9.0 days under normal temper-ature (28 ℃) to 12.5 days at 0 ℃. When the temperature was -4 ℃, B. dorsalis was unable to emerge. [Conclusion and signifi-cance] B. dorsalis demonstrated poor cold tolerance. This is useful for defining the distribution limits for B. dorsalis.%【背景】橘小实蝇是重要的检疫性害虫，发生危害严重。有关低温对橘小实蝇成虫羽化的影响尚未见报道。【方法】通过设置不同温度(8、4、0和－4℃)及处理时间(12、18和24 h)，研究了橘小实蝇羽化率和羽化时间的变化。【结果】随着温度的降低，橘小实蝇羽化率和羽化时间显著降低和延长。羽化率可从正常温度(28℃)下的100.0％降低至6.7％(0℃)；羽化时间可从正常温度(28℃)下的9.0 d延长至12.5 d(0℃)。当温度为－4℃时，橘小实蝇不能正常羽化。【结论与意义】橘小实蝇的耐寒性较差。本研究可为该虫适生区划定提供理论依据。