四指马鲅头肾和脾脏组织学研究

摘要

This work focused on histological study on head kidney and spleen in Eleutheronema tetradactylum.The results showed that head kidney , the soft parenchymal organ with brown color and rough surface was located in the backside and around the spinal cord . Under optical microscopy , no renal tubular was found in head kidney encysted by collagen fiber , which filled with numbers of lympho-cyte, hematocyte, granulocyte and macrophage, but melano -macrophages center(MC)was not obvious.Spleen shaped as “triangle”, larger in volume and color in brown , staying in junction between intestine and the end of stomach .The spleen was made up of red pulp and white pulp with capsule covering outside , and spleen trabecular structure consisting of expanding connective tissue was obvious .In red pulp, large number of blood cell crowed together being the splenic cord , between this item was splenic sinus , there often had multi-ple MC;large number of lymphocytes distributed in white pulp with blood vessels going through the center .The features of spleen and head kidney in E.tetradactylum indicated that they are typical immune and hematopoietic organs .%采用常规石蜡组织切片和HE染色方法研究四指马鲅（ Eleutheronema tetradactylum）头肾和脾脏的组织结构。结果显示：头肾位于背部脊椎左右两侧，呈深褐色，实质柔软而表面粗糙。组织学结构特征：最外层为胶原纤维，实质无肾单位而由大量淋巴细胞、血细胞、粒细胞和巨噬细胞填充，黑色素－巨噬细胞中心（ melano－macrophage centers，MC）不明显。脾脏衬贴于胃部后端与肠弯曲交界处的系膜内，棕色，体积较大，呈“三角形”；组织最外层有被膜，并形成明显的脾小梁结构，实质由红髓和白髓组成，红髓占实质大部分，分布密集由血细胞连接成脾索，内部含丰富的脾血窦，MC密集分布；白髓由大量淋巴细胞填充，中央有动脉血管穿过。结论表明四指马鲅头肾和脾脏是典型的造血、免疫器官。