铜钢复合冷却壁热变形分析

摘要

提高高炉炉腰及炉身下部冷却壁抗热变形能力是维持高炉长寿的关键.采用热态实验和数值模拟手段研究高炉炉腰及炉身下部区域铜钢复合冷却壁的传热及热变形行为,并与铜冷却壁进行对比分析.铜钢复合冷却壁热面无渣铁壳覆盖,煤气温度1200℃条件下,铜钢复合冷却壁最高温度为180℃,传热性能与铜冷却壁接近.铜钢界面最大等效应力约为114.45MPa,低于铜钢复合板的抗拉强度.铜钢复合冷却壁发生弯曲变形,中心z向位移为0.66 mm,较铜冷却壁低约25.8％;顶底端沿z向位移为0.13mm,较铜冷却壁低约50％;曲率为0.93×10-4 mm-1,较铜冷却壁低约51.81％.铜钢复合冷却壁抗变形能力优于铜冷却壁,可以避免铜冷却壁热变形过大导致的螺栓及冷却水管断裂破损问题.%The improvement in thermal deformation resistance of the copper stave in the bosh area and lower stack area of a blast furnace is the key factor for prolonging the blast furnace campaign life.The heat transfer performance and thermal deformation of the copper-steel composite stave at the bosh area and lower stack area were investigated by thermal testing and numerical simulation,and compared with those of the copper stave.The results show that the maximum temperature on the rib hot surface of the copper-steel composite stave without skull is 180 ℃ when the gas temperature is 1200 ℃,and approaches to the heat transfer performance of the copper stave.The maximum equivalent stress of the copper/steel interface is about 114.45 MPa,lower than the tensile strength of the copper-steel plate.The copper-steel composite stave subjects to bending deformation,and the center displacement in the z direction is 0.66 mm,about 25.8％ lower than that of the copper stave.The up/down displacement in the z direction is 0.13 mm,about 50％lower than that of the copper stave.The curvature is 0.93 × 10-4 mm-1,about 51.81％ lower than that of the copper stave.The thermal deformation resistance of the copper-steel composite stave is superior to that of the copper stave,and it can overcome the fracture of bolts and pipes in the copper stave due to excessive thermal deformation.