三维引力辅助机理分析

摘要

针对星际探测中的引力辅助技术,通过引入两个参数,将平面椭圆型限制性三体模型拓展到三维椭圆型限制性三体模型.通过逆向与正向积分,得到引力辅助前后飞行器的能量和角动量,据此将引力辅助轨道划分为16种类型.深入讨论了这两个参数对轨道类型、轨道能量和轨道倾角的影响,总结出了相应的变化规律.以地月系统为例,针对不同任务要求,给出了通过月球引力辅助,实现地月系统俘获与逃逸的引力辅助参数的选择区域,并对引力辅助参数进行了优化.%A three-dimension elliptic restricted three-body model for the gravity-assist technology in interplanetary exploration was developed based on the planar elliptic restricted three-body model by introducing two extra parameters.By using integrated backward and integrated forward method,the energies and angular momentums of the spacecraft before and after the gravity-assist were obtained.Thus,the orbits can be divided into sixteen different types.The influences of the two extra parameters on the orbit of spacecraft were discussed and the variation laws were summarized.With the Earth-Moon system as an example,the selection region of gravity-assist parameters that can achieve escape and captive was calculated.In addition,the gravity-assist parameters were optimized.