基于人体热调节模型的民机座舱热舒适性分析

摘要

The studies about cabin thermal comfort are of great significance in the large aircraft market competition. A reasonable human thermal model is the key to analyze and evaluate the thermal comfort. Based on thermal characteristics experiment of human in the limited space, a human thermal model with the behavior of thermal regulation was established. The complex heat transfer was simplified into the heat transfer among three areas of high temperature core, blood perfusion and the equivalent organization. This model will not only overcome the limitation of the constant wall temperature or constant heat flux density, but in good agreement with the experimental results. Combined with a predicted mean vote （PMV） thermal comfort evaluation method without iterative equation proposed, the comfort in crowded space can be analyzed under the premise of ensu- ring the calculation speed. Simulation results show that the method can meet the speed requirement when the simulation is for a complex space environment, but also more accurately reflects the human physiological ther- mal regulation process.%民机座舱热舒适性研究对我国研制的大型飞机市场竞争力具有重要意义，在舒适性研究中人体热模型的合理性是影响舒适性分析与评价的关键，在开展的有限空间人员热特性实验测试基础上，建立了一种具有热调节行为的人体热模型，将人体复杂传热过程抽象为高温核心区、血液灌注区和等效组织区三者间热传递，很好地克服了常规定壁温或定热流密度人体模型的局限性，计算结果与实验结果吻合较好，将该模型结合文中提出的无迭代PMV（Predicted Mean Vote）热舒适性方程，在保证计算速度的前提下，可实现高人员密度的民机座舱舒适性分析，仿真结果表明：该方法既能够满足复杂空间的计算速度要求，又能较准确地体现人体生理热调节过程，仿真结果可靠性高。