柴油微乳液的制备研究

摘要

以油酸、乙醇胺、Tween40为乳化剂,正丁醇为助剂,制备了柴油微乳液,并对其增溶水量的各种影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,当乙醇胺与油酸的物质的量的比为0.75时,微乳柴油体系增溶水量最大可以达到13.92%.微量无机盐可以最大限度的增加体系增溶水量.复配表面活性剂优于单一表面活性剂,当Tween40与油酸的物质的量的比为0.1时,二者发挥协同作用,达到最佳效果.在最佳配方下制备的微乳柴油稳定性良好,外观澄清透明.各项性能指标的检测表明,乳化柴油的低温性能、硫含量、腐蚀性等指标均优于柴油.%The diesel oil microemulsion is prepared using oleinic acid, ethanolamine, Tween-40 as emulsifiers, and butyl alcohol as cosurfactant. The various factors that influence the amount of solubilization water are studied. The experimental result shows that the quantity of ethanolamine and butyl alcohol, the concentration of inorganic salt all affect the formation of the microemulsion. When the molar ratio of ethanolamine to oleic acid is 0.75, the amount of solubilization water can reach 13.92％. As the quantity of butyl alcohol increased, the amount of solubilization water increased at first but decreased later. Adding certain amount of inorganic salt can increase the amount of solubilization water to the maximum value. The composite surfactant is better than single surfactant. The optimum molar ratio of Tween 40 to oleic acid is 0.1. Under the explored optimum condition, the diesel oil microemulsion has been prepared, and the oil microemulsion product looks clear and shows excellent stability, its capabilities, such as the sulfur content and the causticity, are better than national standard diesel oil.