电动汽车在碰撞试验中的电气安全

摘要

The electrical safety is more important in electrical vehicle crash compared with that of normal vehicles, because an electrical vehicle has high voltage in the power cycle. This paper analyzes electrical vehicle crash standards and regulations and investigates the crash test process. The difference between an electrical vehicle and a normal car was analyzed using the dummy head and thorax injury data and car body acceleration data, whose sources are the frontal and side impact test data by a laboratory at China Automotive Technology and Research Center, CATARC. Some suggestions were proposed in the establishment of China’s electrical vehicle crash standards and regulations. Electrical safety matters needing attention in the crash test were also suggested which is valuable for the establishment of the regulation and passive safety design.%电动汽车由于车内装有高电压的动力回路,所以相对于传统汽车,在碰撞中需要考虑的电气安全问题更多。本文分析了国内外电动汽车碰撞标准和法规,研究了电动汽车碰撞试验方法;并结合中国汽车技术研究中心（CATARC）的试验室就同一车型的普通汽油车和电动汽车实车正面和侧面碰撞试验中假人头胸等重要伤害指标及车身的加速度等数据进行分析。提出了中国在电动汽车碰撞法规建立中需要关注的问题。提出了一些对于有关法规的建立和电动汽车被动安全的设计有实际意义的、电动汽车在碰撞中电气安全方面的注意事项。