Taking Jiangsu and Xinjiang as examples, the differences of income level, structure and consumption level between eastern and western areas were analyzed. It was considered that the difference of income level and structure was the main cause of consumption difference. Four influential factors of consumption difference of rural residents in eastern and western areas were discussed, including natural environment, social culture, economic and technical level, and policies. According to the relevant data form 1993 to 2007, the influence of income structure of rural residents on consumption difference in eastern and western areas was studied empirically by adopting regression analysis. The results showed that from the perspective of income source structure, the consumption difference between eastern and western areas was mainly caused by the difference of salary income. The differences of household net income and property transfer income had a slight impact on living consumption level. On this basis, related proposals were put forward.%以江苏、新疆两省为例,分析了东西部地区农村居民收入水平、收入结构及消费水平的差异,认为居民收入水平及其结构差异是导致消费水平存在差异的主要原因.探讨了东西部农村居民消费水平差异的4个影响因素:自然环境、社会文化、经济技术水平和政策制度.根据1993～2007年相关数据,采用回归分析方法实证研究了东西部农村居民收入结构对消费水平差异的影响.结果表明:从收入来源结构看,东西部地区消费水平的差异主要是由工资性收入水平的差异所造成的;家庭经营纯收入及财产转移性收入的差异对生活性消费水平差异的影响程度较小.基于此,提出了相关建议.
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