Due to the high cost of environment-friendly materials and limited funds for the new countryside construction, it is the principal contradiction in the application of environment-friendly materials to satisfy the demands of both environment protection and cost reduction. The authors proposed that the influence ranking of these materials on environment should be clarified first to settle this contradiction, that is, to choose energy-conserving and environment-friendly materials within the limit of expenditure. By comparing the energy consumption, shock resistance, economical efficiency and social acceptability of wall materials, the influence ranking was given as below: hollow concrete block ＜lime-sand brick ＜ baked chamotte brick; by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of floor and roof concrete materials, as well as attentions for reducing negative impacts, the order of their influence was given as below: prefab concrete trough plate ＜ prefab hollow strength concrete plate ＜ cast-in-place concrete plate ＜ cast-in-place brick-concrete plate; suitable materials for door and window frameworks were concluded, the influence order of wall decoration materials and floor decoration materials on environment was given as: bare walls without plastering ＜ walls of stable soil plastering ＜ wall of cement-water plastering ＜ walls of lime plastering; the overall decoration materials: concrete ＜ parquet floor ＜ ceramic floor ＜ terrazzo floor; and 7 heat retardation materials were suggested for the construction of new countryside.%因环保材料造价较高,而新农村建设资金有限,如何既满足环保需求,又降低环保材料成本,成为应用环保材料的主要矛盾.笔者认为要想解决这一问题首先需要对各种建筑环保材料的环境影响程度进行排序,才能在资金允许范围内选择可降低能耗并能保护环境的建筑材料.笔者比较了墙体材料的耗能、抗震性、经济性、社会接受度,对墙体材料的环境影响进行排序,即中空混凝土砌块<灰砂砖<烧制黏土砖;分析了用于地板和屋顶的混凝土材料的优缺点和降低负面影响的注意事项,并对其环境影响进行排序,预制混凝土槽形板<预制强混凝土中空板<现场浇注混凝土板<现场浇注砖-混凝土板:总结了门窗框架的适用材料,时墙体装饰材料、地面装饰材料对环境的影响进行排序,分别为:未抹灰外露墙体<稳定的土质抹灰墙体<水泥-水抹灰墙体<石灰抹灰墙体,整体装饰的混凝土<木条拼花地板<陶瓷地砖<水磨石地板;最后提出了7种适用于新农村建设的隔热材料.
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