石韦属植物化学和药理研究进展

摘要

石韦属植物主要包括石韦、庐山石韦、毡毛石韦、有柄石韦、北京石韦和西南石韦,是中国传统药用植物.其主要化学活性成分为三萜类、黄酮类、咕酮类、甾体及挥发油成分,其粗提物和分离纯化后的活性物质具有镇咳祛痰、抑菌、抗病毒、抗炎利尿、抗氧化、增强免疫、护肾等功效,目前已被制成多种石韦复方制剂,在临床上广泛应用.笔者对国外有关石韦属植物的化学分成及药理作用的研究进展进行综述.为其进一步研究与开发利用提供参考.%Genus Pyrrosia plants included many plants like Pyrrosia lingua,Pyrrosia sheareri,Pyrrosia dra keana,Pyrrosia petiolosa,Pyrrosia davidii and Pyrrosia gralla,which were traditional Chinese medicinal plants. Pyrrosia plants all were rich in triterpenoids,flavonoids,xanthones,essential oils and steroids,and their crude extracts and purified compound showed efficacies of good expectorant, antitussive, antibacterial, antiviral,anti-inflammatory,diuretic,antioxidant, immune strengthening and kidney protective. Pyrrosia plants had been prepared as many compound preparations and applied in clinic comprehensively up to now. The research advances on chemical components and pharmacological activities of Pyrrosia plants were overviewed in this work, which provided basis for further study and application and development of plants belonging to genus Pyrrosia.