贵州省黔东南州太子参斑点病的调查及防治

摘要

[ Objective ] The paper was to isolate the pathogen of leaf spot in Radix pseudoxtellariae, and select the best fungicide with good antibacterial effect against the disease. [ Method ] The pathogen was isolated from the diseased leaves, and the antibacterial activities of four fungicides including Carbendazim, Chlorothalonil, Thiophanate-methyl and Mancozeb against the pathogen were measured through mycelia growth method. [ Result ] The microscopic examination results showed that the main pathogens of leaf spot in R pseudoxtellariae were Phyllosticta commonsii and Alternaria sp.; Antibacterial results showed that four fungicides all had apparent inhibition against leaf spot in R. pseudoxtellariae,of which Carbendazim had the best effect with the inhibition rate of 76. 6％; followed by Thiophanate-methyl with the inhibition rate of 72.3％; the third was Mancozeb with the inhibition rate 0f68.7％, and the inhibition rate of Chlorothalpnil was the lowest as44.7％. [Conclusion] 50％ Carbendazim WP had the best inhibition effect against leaf spot in R. pseudoxtellariae.%[目的]分离获得太子参斑点病的致病菌,并筛选出对太子参斑点病抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂.[方法]从病叶中分离得到病原菌,采用菌丝生长速率法分别测定多菌灵、百菌清、代森锰锌及甲基托布津对该病原菌的抑菌活性.[结果]镜栓结果表明,太子参斑点病的主要致病菌为斑点叶点霉属(Phyllosticta commonsii)和链格孢属(Alternaria sp.).抑菌试验结果表明,4种药剂对太子参斑点病均有抑制作用,其中多菌灵效果最好,抑菌率达到76.6%;甲基托布津次之,抑菌率为72.3%;代森锰锌为68.7%;百菌清为44.7%.[结论]50%多菌灵WP对太子参斑点病的抑菌效果最好.