[Objective] The aim was to study the population distribution of critically endangered species-M. Grandis. [ Methods ] Though field investigation on the wild distribution situation and habitats of M. Grandis wild population within Malipo County Conservation District, and the investigated area was about 10 km , the number of plants was 22, the geographical distribution range was 23. 095 1° - 23. 109 4° N, 104.487 6° - 104.498 4° E and 1 480 - 1 710 m in the altitude. [ Results] On the whole, M. Grandis is distributed sparsely and narrowly in, quite different habitats, and the differences of environment conditions of distribution areas are greater. There are not seedlings below mature individuals, the flowering and setting percentage are lower, thus the population cannot be regenerated naturally and the population is on the verge of extinction. [ Conclusion ] The main causes of wild resources decrease sharply and un-natural regeneration of existing population are unreasonable exploitation and habitats fragmentation, thereby, it should strengthen field investigation and in situ conservation of this species and actively developing artificial population breeding and restoration.%[目的]研究极危狭域物种大果木莲种群分布情况.[方法]通过野外调查麻栗坡县保护区内大果木莲野生种群分布现状与生境,调查面积约10 km2,植株22株,其空间分布局限于23.095 1°～23.1094°N,104.487 6°～ 104.498 4°E,海拔1 480～1 710 m.[结果]整体来看,分布是不连续的、零星的,范围很狭窄,分布区环境条件差异大.成熟个体下未发现实生幼苗,开花结实率低,种群自然更新已较难完成,种群濒于灭绝.[结论]生境片断化与人类不合理利用是其野生资源迅速减少和现有种群不能自然更新的主要原因.应加强对该物种的野外调查与就地保护,积极开展人工种群构建与恢复.
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