沼气产业是以沼气发酵产生的沼气、沼液、沼渣等为纽带而发展起来的一系列相关的产业.首先简介了沼气微生物的发酵机理,然后概述了我国沼气产业的发展历史:初始发展阶段、技术成熟阶段、快速发展阶段和建管并重阶段,最后阐述了我国沼气产业存在的机遇和挑战.我国沼气产业工艺技术相对落后、发展战略定位低、经济效益差、法律政策体系不够健全、社会化服务建设滞后等,但我国是一个资源、人口大国,随着国家政策的倾斜以及环保、清洁能源等方面的迫切需求,我国沼气产业前景广阔.%Biogas industry refers to a series of industries which are developed from the products of biogas fermentation like biogas, biogas slurry and biogas dregs. At the beginning, this article makes some brief introduction to the mechanism of biogas fermentation with microorganisms. And then a summary of China's gas industry development history is given, including the initial stage, the technology maturation stage, the rapidly-developing stage and efficiently-administrating-and-constructing stage. At last, it is about the opportunities and challenges to face, for example, the under-developed production technology, low development strategy, poor economic returns, and imperfect policy of law and social service system. Despite those unfavorable factors, China has a broad prospect for its abundant resources and a large number of populations, especially with the help of national policy and people's need for environmental energy.
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