峨眉山市和夹江县茶园土壤及茶叶重金属污染评价

摘要

[目的]研究峨眉山市和夹江县茶园土壤及茶叶Cu、Cr、Cd、Pb、As和Hg 6种重金属含量，并进行污染评价。[方法]采用原子吸收分光光度法测定重金属Cu、Cr、Cd、Pb的含量以及原子荧光分光光度法测定As、Hg的含量，以《土壤环境质量标准GB 15618—1995》为依据，采用单因子污染指数和综合污染指数对茶园土壤样品进行评价。[结果]Cu、Cr、Cd、Pb、As、Hg的平均含量分别为30．59、67．08、0．35、24．15、13．32、0．13 mg／kg，根据国家标准GB 15618—1995土壤环境质量二级标准值，Cd处于临界水平，而重金属Cu、Cr、Pb、As、Hg的单项污染指数均小于1．0，属于安全级别。以GB 2762—2012、NY 659—2003、NY／T 288—2012为依据，5个采样点茶园茶叶原料样品中的Cu、Cr、Cd、Pb、As、Hg的含量均远低于国标或部颁的最高含量限值。[结论]峨眉山市和夹江县区域茶叶中重金属是安全的，符合国家标准。%Objective] The aim was to study heavy metal content in soil of tea plantations and tea at Emeishan and Jiajiang ,and evaluate the pollution degree.[ Method] Thecontent of Cu,Cr,Pb,Cd,As and Hg were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluo-rescence spectrometry,based on “GB15618 -1995” of “soil environmental quality standard”, the single factor pollution index and compre-hensive pollution index were used to evaluate the soil samples in tea plantation.[Result] The results showed that the average content of Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, As,Hg were 30.59、67.08、0.35、24.15、13.32 and 0.13mg /kg in soils of the tea plantations, according to the national stand-ard GB15618 -1995 soil environmental quality secondary standard values, Cd in a critical level, and the single pollution index of Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, as were less than 1.0, it belongs to the level of security.Based on GB2762-2012/NY659-2003 /NY/T288-2012 , the contentof Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Hg of tea samples of raw materialswere obtained in the five sampling point .The contents were much lower than the na-tional standard or issued by the Department of the highest content limit.[Conclusion]The heavy metals content of Emeishan city and jiajiang county are safe and accord with national standard.