基于GIS的中国北方起泡酒葡萄生态区划研究

摘要

为进行我国北方优质起泡酒葡萄生态适宜性区划研究，促进我国起泡酒产业的快速发展，本文收集整理了中国北方376个气象台站连续30年（1981—2010年）气象资料，采用逐级分区与集优法相结合的方法，针对中国北方霞多丽、贵人香、白诗南、雷司令、白品乐、黑品乐等不同品种起泡酒葡萄的生长习性与气候适应性进行分析，提出中国北方起泡酒葡萄优质生态区区划方法及指标，再应用 GIS 技术，按可种植区划分制作起泡酒优质生态区区划图，通过气候适应性分析进行研究，对我国北方起泡酒葡萄种植和生态分布进行精细化区划。结果表明，起泡酒葡萄在我国北方适宜生长的区域较小，主要分布在华北的内蒙古中部及西北地区，这些地区热量条件充足、成熟期降水量小、土壤多为钙质土，气候和地理条件非常适宜不同品种和熟性酿酒葡萄的成熟和品质形成，是发展优质起泡酒葡萄产业基地的首选。%For the purpose to promote the rapid development of sparkling wine industry in our country ,we studied the ecological regionalization of high quality sparking wine grapes in north China.Based on meteorological data of 376 meteorological stations, located in North China, for 30 consecutive years from 1981 to 2010, using the method of stepwise partition and set optimal method combining, the ecological division method and index for good quality by different varieties sparking wine grapes such as Chardonnay, Italian Riesling, Chenin Blanc, Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, et al. in North China was proposed in this paper, which against the relationship between the growth habit and environmental conditions of sparking wine grapes in north China. Then, the ecological zoning map was described, according to the possible good quality sparking wine grapes planting region and using GIS technology. The refine division of sparking wine grapes planting and ecological distribution was made through the analysis of climate adaptability. The results showed that, the appropriate growth area of Sparkling wine grapes in north China is lesser, that mainly distributed in North Central Inner Mongolia and northwest regions. These regions of adequate heat conditions, small precipitation in maturation stage, more calcareous soil, and climate and geography conditions are very suitable for the formation of different varieties and maturity of grape maturity and quality, which are the first choice for developing high quality sparkling wine grape industry base.