航空用铝合金在酸性盐雾环境中腐蚀电化学

摘要

The corrosion processes of 2A12, 5A06 and 7A04 aluminium alloy in neutral and acid (pH≈5) continuous salt spray environment were studied with weight loss method and electrochemical method.The morphology and surface condition in the interface of metal phase was studied by metallographic microscope and contact angle surface analyzer, and the corrosion mechanism was analyzed.Weight loss method, polarization curves by Tafel extrapolation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that the 3 kinds of aluminum alloy have the relationship of corrosion rate 7A04>2A12>5A06 in neutral salt spray as well as 7A04> 5A06>2A12 in acidic salt spray.The contact angles of the aluminum alloys surface with neutral and acidic salt solution conditions are 70.9°and 52.6°respectively.The reason why the contact angle with acid salt solution is smaller than that with neutral salt solution is probably that the increase of the hydrogen ions may cause the cathodic reaction to move to the right, accelerate anodic dissolution and destroy the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy.%用失重法和电化学方法研究2A12,5A06和7A04铝合金在中性和酸性(pH≈5)连续盐雾环境下的腐蚀过程.通过金相显微镜和接触角表面分析仪观察其金属相界面处的腐蚀形貌和表面状态,分析腐蚀机理.结果表明:失重法、极化曲线Tafel外推法和电化学阻抗谱法均显示3种铝合金在中性盐雾中腐蚀速率的大小关系为7A04>2A12>5A06;在酸性盐雾中腐蚀速率的大小关系为7A04> 5A06>2A12;铝合金表面与中性和酸性盐溶液的接触角分别为70.9°和52.6°,酸性盐溶液的接触角小于中性盐溶液的接触角,可能是因为氢离子增多使阴极反应右移,加速阳极溶解,破坏了铝合金表面的氧化膜.