GIS技术在水文水资源领域的应用现状与展望

摘要

GIS geographic information system into the field of hydrology and water resources ,provides a fast and effective way for hydrology and water resources management,query,analysis and simulation.Application of GIS geographic information system in the field of hydrology and water resources mainly have five aspects:spa-tial distribution and allocation of surface water resources and groundwater resources;areal rainfall calculation;groundwater resources exploration;hydrological modelling and forecasting.The main development trend of GIS geographic information system application in the field of hydrology and water resources include four aspects:strengthening the research and formulation of the application standards and specifications;build up character-istic of hydrology and Water Resources Geographic Spatial Database;GIS fusion of hydrology and water re-sources professional model;GIS software development to multi dimension.%水文水资源领域引入GIS地理信息系统，为水文水资源管理、查询、分析和模拟提供了一条加快捷有效的途径。 GIS地理信息系统在水文水资源领域的应用主要有五个方面：地表水资源及地下水资源的空间分布和调配；流域面雨量计算；地下水资源勘查；水文模拟及水情预报。 GIS地理信息系统在水文水资源领域应用的主要发展趋势包括四个方面：加强应用标准和规范的研究和制定；建立具有水文水资源特色的地理空间数据库； GIS融合水文水资源专业模型； GIS软件向多维发展。