Objective To analyze the differences of clinical characteristics and etiology between severe pneumonia and common pneumonia in infants. Methods Data of infants with severe pneumonia (115 cases,group A) and common pneumonia(119 cases,group B) were retrospectively analyzed,who were admitted from January in 2007 to December in 2011. Results The infants in group A were accompanied with underlying diseases in 40 cases and congenital heart disease in 24 cases, which were more than 11 cases and 5 cases in group B(P<0. 05). Compared to group B, hospital stay was longer and disease was more severe in group A(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). The positive rates of bacterial, respiratory syncytial virus and mycoplasma pneumoniae were higher in group A than those in group B (66.09% vs. 38. 66%,37. 39% vs. 25. 21% and 31. 30% vs. 13. 45%)(P<0. 05). Conclusion The infants with severe pneumonia accompanied with underlying diseases are mostly in a critical condition and need immediate treatment to reduce mortality.%目的 分析婴儿重症肺炎与普通肺炎临床特征及病原学差异.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月-2011年12月住院患儿重症肺炎(A组,115例)及普通肺炎(B组,119例)的临床资料.结果 A组有基础疾病并存的40例和先天性心脏病24例,均高于B组的11例和5例(P＜0.05).与B组比较,A组住院时间长、病情重(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).A组细菌阳性率、合胞病毒检出率、肺炎支原体检出率均高于B组(66.09％ vs.38.66％、37.39％ vs.25.21％、31.30％ vs.13.45％)(P＜0.05).结论 重症肺炎并存基础疾病的患儿大多病情危重,需要及时治疗,以减少病死率.
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