日本智慧城市的构想、发展进程与启示

摘要

我国于2014年将智慧城市建设上升为国家战略规划，为此将视野放之于世界，借鉴别国发展经验是非常必要的。日本智慧城市发展特点表现为：政府与民间企业均是智慧城市建设的主导者；智慧城市建设进程呈现由“硬”到“软”的特点；发展速度快且成效显著；呈现“部分最优化型”、“部分协作型”、“整体最优化型”三种智慧城市类型。借鉴日本经验我国建设智慧城市要顺应市场需求，坚持宏观指导与微观实践相结合，以资源条件与技术为依托充分发挥城市特色；避免盲从，突出技术自主创新与机制创新；加强大数据技术在智慧城市建设中的综合应用。%In 2014, our country rose the construction of smart city to national strategic planning, it is quite necessary to view the world and absorb other countries’development experiences. The characteristics of the smart city in Japan are as follows, Japanese private enterprises and government are both leaders in the construction of smart city;The process of smart city construction is from hard to soft, especially pay attention to the microscopic examination of the role of the pilot city;the speed of development is so fast with a significant effect;suit one’s measures to local conditions, there are three typs of smart city:the partial suitable type;the partial cooperation type and the whole suitable type. The idea and process of smart city construction in Japan inspirate our country to meet the need of the market, adhere to the combination of macro guidance and microscopic examination, based on the resources and technology, give full play to the city characteristics;avoid following blndly, stress the technical innovation and institutionalise innovation; highlight the comprehensive application of informational technology in the smart city construction.