The ethnic conflict, the Civil War, Soviet-Afghan War, and international military operations in Afghanistan in the end of the 20th century have profound impacts on the development of various mechanisms:(1) to regulate international armed conflicts in the global political arena;(2) to reach consensus;and (3) to establish peace and rules of justice that must be recognized by all international institutions. This paper aims to consider essential issues related to Soviet military units participated in the political conflict in Afghanistan and a role of the competition for dominant position between the key-players, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), and the USA, in 1979-1989. Consideration of the Soviet and American operations and political activities of Afghan opposition during that turbulent decade in the international politics puts forward the lesson learned analysis, which should prevent us from repeating errors and lead us to international cooperation and high-level dialogs among countries, which are dealing with the regional and global security problems, and to focus on preventing violence, instability, unexpected accidents, and armed intervention.
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