海水淹溺致急性肺损伤兔病理学特征的实验观察

摘要

目的 新西兰兔海水淹溺致急性肺损伤(seawater drowning induced acute lung injury,SWD-ALI)时的病理学特征.方法 制作SWD-ALI的动物模型,采用半定量分析的方法对其肺组织学分析,以评价其特征.结果 SWD-ALI有不同于临床常见ALI的病理学变化:①病变多见于低垂部位.②组织学变化以肺泡隔断裂、炎细胞浸润最为常见,分布范围最广;其次是肺内出血、肺泡萎陷实变;肺泡及间质水肿相对较轻.结论 SWD-ALI的主要病理学变化为肺泡隔断裂和大量炎细胞浸润.%Objective To observe the pathological features of seawater drowning induced acute lung injury(SWD-ALI) model in rabbits. Methods The animal model of SWD-ALI was established firstly. Then rabbits of SWD-ALI group and control group were sacrificed to gain lung tissues for pathology examination.Semi-quantitative analysis was used in the examination on histological changes of SWD-ALI lung tissues.Results The histological study showed that in the experimental group, the downward sites of lungs appeared congested and edematous,which was called "hepatization". On cut surface,the lesions became dark red with the effusion of reddish edematous fluid. Microscopically,the alveolar septa became markedly damaged and the fusion of alveoli appeared. Alveoli and lung parenchyma were edematous. The inflammatory cells infiltrated into the lung parenchyma and alveolar cavities. Conclusions The broken alveolar septa and inflammatory cells infiltration are the main pathological features of SWD-ALI, which are different from the other ALIs whose histological features are the edematous alveoli and lung parenchyma.