孕妇肥胖对后代长期健康的影响

摘要

The prevalence of obesity among pregnant women is increasing,that include pre-pregnancy obesity and/or over gestational weight gain diagnosed by different criteria in different countries.Emerging evidance suggests that maternal obesity before and during pregnancy have not only short-term effects on both of mother and offspring,but also long-term adverse influences on offspring health.Evidence from both animal and human studies indicates that maternal obesity increases the weight and adiposity,alters body composition and increases the risk of metabolic disorders.These changes further result in the increased risk of metabolic syndrome of offspring in their later life.Further studies are required to elucidate the programming mechanisms of disease risk in the offspring as a consequence of matemal obesity.Strategies to prevent and reduce the impact of maternal obesity on long-term health of offsprings are required.%孕妇肥胖的发生率逐渐增高,孕妇肥胖包括孕前肥胖和孕期增重过多,国内外依据的诊断标准不同.孕妇肥胖除了会对母亲和后代造成近期影响外,还会给后代的健康带来一系列不良的长期影响,包括后代体重及肥胖发生率的增加、身体组分的改变、代谢异常及心血管疾病危险性的增高等,这些改变可以从新生儿期、青少年期延续至成年早期,导致后代发生代谢综合征的危险增加.该研究进一步的研究以阐明导致这些宫内异常编程效应的机制,并探讨有效的预防和干预措施以降低后代发生这些异常的危险性.