在青少年猝死病因中，心肌炎占12%，其主要病因为病毒感染，或者为病毒感染后引起的免疫性反应损伤心肌组织。目前尚无任何一种临床或者影像方法能够完全确诊心肌炎。安全、无创的MR成像能清晰显示组织解剖结构，可以定量地评价心脏功能，并能以骨骼肌信号值为参照定量评价心肌信号的改变。延迟强化征象能反映病毒性心肌炎后心肌不可逆性损伤，其诊断心肌炎的特异度高达86%。延迟增强不仅可以用于缺血性和非缺血性心肌病变的鉴别诊断，对心肌疾病尤其是心肌炎的预后评价也有重要价值。%It is reported that myocarditis accounts for 12%in adolescent sudden death. Viral infection or post-viral immune-mediated reaction leads to myocardial injury. Up to now, no any clinical or imaging methods can be used to confidently made diagnosis of myocarditis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a safe, noninvasive modality which can provide information of cardiac anatomy and function, and can evaluatethe change in myocardial signal intensity using skeletal muscle as a reference. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)on MRI can reflect irreversible myocardial injury in myocarditis and its specificity of the diagnosis is up to 86%. Moreover, LGE plays an important role in differentiating between ischemic and nonischemic myocardial injury and estimating prognosis of myocardial lesions, especially myocarditis.
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