基于JITD的服务备件二级分销网络集成研究

摘要

从供应链集成的角度出发,使用双层规划建立了服务备件二级分销网络的设施选址-运输路线安排-库存控制问题(CLRIP)模型,确定了分销中心的位置、车辆的运输路线等.该模型充分考虑决策部门和顾客双方的利益,针对服务备件的价值高以及服务水平要求高的特点,将按需拉动的准时制配送策略(JITD)应用于分销网络设计中,在降低系统成本的同时,可以大幅度提高配送的准时性和稳定性.设计了该模型的启发式算法,通过算例验证了模型和算法的有效性.研究结果有助于优化服务备件分销网络结构、提高配送准时性和降低物流成本.%A two-echelon supply chain for service parts composed of a manufacturer, a number of distributors , and multiple customers is considered. It is assumed that the locations of the manufacturer and customers are known. Then, the issue addressed in this paper is to determine the locations of the distribution centers and the transportation routing, and control the inventory, or it is the combined location routing and inventory problem (CLRIP). To solve this problem, a two-level architecture is proposed. With this architecture, the problem is formulated as an integer programming. The model takes the benefits for both supplier and customers into account. Also, in the model, the just-in-time distribution ( JITD) philosophy is a-dopted for the distribution network design. Thus, it can significantly improve the customer service level and reduce the total system cost as well. Because of the combinatorial nature of the problem, a heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the model. A numerical example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method. Result shows that it works well.