企业性质：基于协作系统观的动态演化论

摘要

The activities of firm include production and circulation. Accordingly, each of the theory of coordinate - value emphasized by the classicalism and the theory of exchange - cost adcovated by the new insti- tutionalism only reflects one aspect of firm. Especially, the original purpose that the new institutionalism brings about the theory of transaction - cost is to correct the one - sidedness of the classicalism which only cares about the production costs. However, it goes too far and leads to overcorrect since almost current mainstream econo- mists ignore the the division of labor and its income when they overemphasize the transaction costs. Therefore, a perfect theory of firm should consider both of the transaction costs and the coordinate benefits, and which re- suits in the theory of overall -profits. Moreover, based on the theory of overall -profits, we can re -examine some of the popular misperceptions.%企业组织的活动包含了生产和流通两个领域，古典主义重视的分工收益说和新制度主义倡导的交易成本说都只体现了对企业组织一个侧面的研究。尤其是，新制度主义提出交易成本说的原初目的是为了纠正古典主义只重生产成本的片面性；但是，后来的学者在强调交易费用的同时却舍去了分工收益，从而矫枉过正了。因此，一个更为完善的企业理论应该同时考虑交易成本和分工收益，由此可以得到更为合理的综合收益说企业观。而且，基于综合收益说企业观，就可以对流行的一些错误认知重新审视。