市场化角度的FDI环境效应分析

摘要

“污染天堂假说”在我国是否成立不仅要考察引进外资的数量和质量，而且要深入分析其与当地市场化水平的直接关系。在我国近十几年来市场化进程快速推进的背景下，以碳排放为对象，从我国地区间的市场经济环境异质性程度，即市场化水平为切入点，考察FDI对我国各地碳排放的影响。系统构建包括FDI和市场化水平的碳排放理论模型，利用省际面板数据实证研究FDI、碳排放、市场化水平三者间的关系。结果表明：从直接影响看，FDI显著促进了我国各地区的人均碳排放和单位GDP碳排放。进一步研究发现，一个地区的市场化水平越高，FDI对碳排放的影响越小。因此，加速地方市场化进程的推进，不仅有助于提高引进外资的质量，而且有助于当地碳排放问题的改善。%Whether the“pollution haven hypothesis”would be established in China not only depends on the quality and quantity of foreign capital,but also has direct relationship with local marketing level. Under the background of accelerating marketing process in China in recent years,this paper carries empirical re-search on the relationship among carbon emissions,FDI and marketing process. The results show that FDI sig-nificantly promotes China’s per capita carbon emissions and carbon intensity directly,but the results are differ-ent from the indirect perspective,which is China’s local marketing level. In the empirical research,the inter-action of FDI and marketing index is significantly negative,which means that the higher the local marketing level is,the less the carbon emissions will be as the foreign capital is introduced. Therefore,speeding up the progress of local marketing,not only helps improve the quality of foreign investment,but also reduces local carbon emissions.