旅游干扰对野生动物的影响研究进展

摘要

We summarized the habitat, behavior and physiology and population dynamics of tourism disturbance on wild animals, and clarify its development progress and discuss development prospect. Tourism disturbance mainly affects the wild animals population dynamics by changing the habitat, behavior and physiological of wild animals. The quality study on influence process and results of tourism disturbance were clear, but it lacks quantitative research. Meanwhile, systematic research on tourism disturbance factors and strategies for prevention and control of tourism disturbance are also lacking. This paper proposed that long-term monitoring of wild animals and habitats was required; the theory and application study on the tourism disturbance factors need be strengthened. The main tourism disturbance factors are found with study on their classification, disturbance mechanism and impact strength. Finally, the control measures on main tourism disturbance factors required to be systematically studied in order to reduce the negative impact of tourism disturbance on wild animals.%综述旅游干扰对野生动物生境、行为与生理、种群动态的影响及研究新进展,并探讨其发展前景.旅游干扰主要通过影响野生动物生境、行为与生理活动影响野生动物种群动态,影响过程与结果定性研究较为清晰,但缺乏定量研究,也缺乏对旅游干扰因子的系统性研究以及旅游干扰防控策略的研究.提出了重视开展长期动态监测、加大对各个旅游区多种野生动物的个案研究、探明主要旅游干扰因子、制定旅游设施建设的标准、加强游客管理策略研究等建议.