六种植物的提取物抑菌活性研究

摘要

采用生长速率法测定醉鱼草、葛藤、鸡血藤、狼毒、洋金花、野麻6种植物的7种样品提取物对小麦赤霉病菌(Gibberella zeae)、棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)、小麦纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulata)、水稻纹枯病菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)5种植物病原菌的离体抑菌活性,结果表明,狼毒根提取物对水稻纹枯病菌、小麦纹枯病菌和小麦赤霉病菌有较好的抑制作用,72 h的抑制率分别为97.82%、94.29%和85.96%;洋金花种子提取物对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率达到100%;醉鱼草花序提取物对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率为61.26%.试验结果表明,狼毒、洋金花和醉鱼草等3种植物的抑菌活性值得进一步研究.%The antifungal activities of 7 extracts of 6 plants of Buddleja lindleyana, Pueraria lobata,MiUettia dielsiana, Stellera chamaejasme, Datura metel,Boehmeria gracilis,were determined against 5 species of plant pathogens of Gibberella zeae,Verti-cillium dahliae,Rhizoctonia cerealis,Glomerella cingidata,Thanatephorus cucumeris by measuring growth rates of pathogens. The results showed that the root extracts of Stellera chamaejasme had good antifungal effects against Thanatephorus cucumeris ,Rhi-zoctonia cerealis,Gibberella zeae. The inhibition rates were 97.82%,94.29% and 85.96% respectively after 72h. And the inhibition rate of seed extract of Datura metel was 100% against Gibberella zeae, and which of Buddleja lindleyana extract was 61.26% against Thanatephorus cucumeris. All the results showed that Stellera chamaejasme, Datura metel and Buddleja lindleyana were worth further researching on antifungal activities.