不同产量油茶林树体结构及生物量分配差异

摘要

探讨油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)树体结构及生物量分配差异与油茶产量之间的相关性对于低产林改造具有重要意义.试验对不同产量油茶林的树体结构及生物量进行了测定,采用生物统计方法对油茶树体结构及生物量分配与单株产量之间的关系进行了分析.结果表明,树高、冠幅、根幅和根深是造成油茶单株产量产生差异的主要影响因子；油茶的高产林、低产林在生物量分配方面除果实外,其他部位的差异不大,但低产林地上部分树干生长较旺,对地下部分产生了一定的抑制作用.因此在油茶低产林改造时,在控制树高的前提下,可以通过修剪、测土配方施肥、科学管水、叶面施肥与植物生长调节物质运用等技术的实施抑制地上部分过旺生长,使油茶低产林增加冠幅、改善土壤环境、保持叶片良好的营养水平、调整花果比例并促进花芽分化、提高坐果率,最终提高产量.%Exploring the relationship of the tree body structure and differences in biomass allocation of oil camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) with the yield of oil camellia was important for improvement of low production forest.Body structure and biomass of oil camellia tree with different yield was determined,and the relationship of tree body structure and biomass distribution with yield per plant were analyzed using biostatistics.Results showed that tree height,crown breadth,root breadth and root depth were the main variances influencing the yield per plant of oil camellia.The biomass allocation of high yield oil camellia forests and low-yield forests was with little difference except for the fruits.However the overground part of lowyield forest grew vigorously and inhibited the growth of underground parts.For transformation of low-yield oil camellia forests,based on controlling the height of tree,the growth of overground part could be inhibited by pruning,soil testing and fertilizer recommendation,scientific water management,foliar fertilization and the application of plant growth regulators,so as to increase the crown breadth,improve soil environment,maintain good nutrition level of leaves,adjust the proportion of fruit and flowers,promote flower bud differentiation,increase fruit setting rate,and eventually increase production yield.