叶下珠提取物的抑菌活性研究

摘要

采用生长速率法测定叶下珠(Phyllanthusurinaria Linn)的5种溶剂提取物对大肠杆菌[Escherichia coli (Migula) Casleillii & Chalmers]、伤寒沙门氏菌[Salmonella typhi (Schroeter) Warren & Scott]、痢疾志贺氏菌[Shigella dysenteriae(Shiga)Castellani & Chalmers]、蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus Frankland)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach)的抑制活性.结果表明,10 mg/mL叶下珠甲醇提取物、乙醇提取物和丙酮提取物对痢疾志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和伤寒沙门氏菌有较强的抑制活性,其抑菌率均不低于60％,对大肠杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌的抑制作用较弱,抑菌率均不高于60％；10 mg/mL水提取物和石油醚提取物对5种细菌的抑制作用弱,抑菌率均在51％以下.比较各提取物对5种供试菌的毒力可见,甲醇提取物对痢疾志贺氏菌的抑菌活性最强,其抑制有效中浓度(EC50)为2.915 5 mg/mL,乙醇提取物、丙酮提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性最强,EC50分别为3.4402、4.3206 mg/mL.%The antibacterial activities of 5 solvent extracts from Phyllanthus urinaria Linn against 5 species of bacterium were determined by growth rate method.The results showed that 3 solvent which were methanol,ethanol and acetone extracts had high antibacterial activities Shigella dysenteriae (Shiga) Castellani & Chalmers,Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach,Salmonella typhi (Schroeter) Warren & Scott with antibacterial rates more than 60％,and had low antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (Migula) Casleillii and Chalmers,Bacillus cereus Frankland with antibacterial rates below 60％.The water extracts and petroleum ether extracts had low antibacterial activities against 5 species of bacterium with the antibacterial rates below 51％.The methanol extracts had the highest antibacterial activities against Shigella dysenteriae (Shiga) Castellani & Chalmers,whose EC50 was 2.915 5 mg/mL.The ethanol extracts had the highest antibacterial activities against Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach,which EC50 was 3.440 2 mg/mL.The acetone extracts had the highest antibacterial activities against Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach,whose EC50 was 4.320 6 mg/mL.