水稻垩白性状的遗传研究进展及遗传改良策略

摘要

Chalkiness is an important index for evaluating the appearance of rice, and its reduction is a major goal in rice breeding research. Rice chalkiness is a complex quantitative trait controlled by polygenes and readily influenced by environ-ment. During the last decade, hundreds of QTLs related to chalkiness have been mapped to the twelve chromosomes in rice. Some stable QTLs mapping on chalky trait, gene clone related to chalkiness and correlation between chalkiness trait and oth-er agronomic traits were reviewed, and the suggestions for breeding the grain variety with better quality by the combination of molecular breeding and phenotype identification were also provided.%垩白是评价稻米外观品质的重要指标，培育垩白度较小和垩白粒率较低的水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种是水稻育种研究的重要目标之一。垩白属于复杂的数量性状，受多基因控制，而且易受环境条件影响。近10年来，在水稻12条染色体上定位了近百个与垩白相关的QTL。对控制垩白性状的QTL特别是能稳定表达QTL的定位研究、垩白相关基因的克隆以及垩白性状与其他农艺性状的关联等方面进行了综述，提出了通过分子育种技术并结合表型鉴定技术培育优质稻品种的策略。