预制装配式混凝土建筑防水技术

摘要

The paper introduced existed waterproof technologies of precast concrete building, including buildings on the ground and substructures. As for buildings on ground, it could be divided into external wall waterproof and precast shear wall waterproof. Design concept of the former is Taking guiding as the main methods and blocking as supplement and it combined material waterproof and structural waterproof altogether; and the latter mainly used blocking method and reserved cast part as waterproof. The substructure could be divided into precast concrete box culvert and composite wall plate structure system. Precast concrete box culvert was mainly used in utility tunnel. Composite wall plate structure system waterproof could be classiifed into ordinary waterproof construction, external waterproof structure and locally reinforced waterproof structure. Ordinary waterproof construction was mainly used in buildings on ground and underground non-conifned water area, external waterproof structure for parts with conifned water but good in geological condition, and locally reinforced waterproof structure for parts with conifned water but with complicated environment and easy to get differential settlements.%文章介绍现有预制装配式混凝土建筑防水技术，包括地上建筑和地下建筑。地上建筑分为外挂墙板防水和预制剪力墙外墙板防水，其中，外挂墙板防水设计成“以导为主，以堵为辅”，采用材料防水和结构防水相结合；预制剪力墙外墙板防水采用“以堵为主”，采用预留现浇部分防水。地下建筑分为预制混凝土箱涵和叠合墙板结构体系，其中，预制混凝土箱涵主要应用于综合管廊中；叠合板式混凝土结构体系防水分为普通防水构造、外贴防水构造和局部增强防水构造，普通防水构造主要应用于地上建筑和地下无承压水部位，外贴防水构造主要应用于地下有承压水但地质条件良好的部位，局部增强防水构造主要应用于地下环境复杂，易产生不均匀沉降且有承压水的部位。