寒地水稻裂颖形成原因分析及对稻谷影响研究

摘要

In order to breed new good quality and high yield rice varieties ,200 rice materials of main cultivars in Heilongjiang province ,parents for breeding and innovation resources were chosen as experiment materials to study the effect of glume-opening character of Japonica in cold region on seed germination rate and rice quali-ty .The results showed that with the increasing of the glume-opening degree ,the seed germination rate and ger-mination vigor were reducing to different extent ,malformed seedling rate which was caused by germ infection was increasing .The glume-opening character had effect on shelling percentage ,with the increasing of the glume-opening degree ,brown rice rate and milled rice rate were reducing .The changes of glume-opening rate a-mong different sites ,different years ,different fertility and different leaf-cutting and spikelet-thinning treatments were little ,and there was no significant difference ,it indicated that the main reason was its genetic factors .%　　为寒地选育优质高产水稻新品种，以黑龙江省种植的主栽水稻品种、水稻育种中的亲本及创新资源200份为供试材料，研究寒地水稻裂颖性状对种子发芽率及稻米品质的影响。结果表明：随裂颖开裂程度的增加，水稻种子的发芽率和发芽势均呈现不同程度的降低趋势，易受病菌侵染发生发芽苗畸形。对稻谷的出米率也有较大影响，随着裂颖率增加糙米率、精米率都随之降低。裂颖率在不同地点、不同年份、不同施肥及剪叶去花处理，裂颖率变化幅度不大，没有显著性差异，说明自身遗传成分起主要作用。