水电开发造成了河流环境结构和水文情势的改变，对河流水生生态系统形成了破坏。水电开发对鱼类资源的影响主要表现为阻隔了鱼类洄游通道以及对鱼类多样性、鱼类栖息地、下泄水水温、气体过饱和的影响。针对这些影响，提出采用修建过鱼设施、建设鱼类增殖站、建立鱼类种质资源保护区、下泄生态流量、分层取水等保护措施，以维持鱼类资源的多样性。水电开发应采取综合措施解决水生生态问题，特别是流域梯级开发更应注重对整个流域生态系统结构进行统筹规划，保护河流生态系统的完整性。%The hydropower development will change the hydrological of the river and impacts on river’s aquatic ecosystems inevitably. The impacts of hydropower development on the stock of fish are mainly for the barrier effect of fish migration,di-versity of fish,fish habitat,discharged water temperature,gas supersaturation. In order to maintain the diversity of fish re-sources,there are several protective measures for it,the construction of facilities for fish,fish breeding station construc-tion,the establishment of protected areas,germplasm resources or ecological flow,stratified intake of fish and so on.,Hy-dropower development comprehensive measures should be taken to solve the aquatic ecological problems,especially the cascade development of river basin should pay more attention to overall planning development on the ecological system of the whole basin structure,the integrity of the river ecosystem protection.
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