As clean reproducible energy,the small hydropower is a kind of distributed energy. It can be developed by distribution mode in mountainous rural areas,so its social welfare is obvious. The development course of small hydropower in China can be divided into three stages. The main problems block the development of small hydropower include:unsound legal system,lack of industry management,backward hydropower planning and difficult management. On this base,some suggestions are put forward that include attaching importance to legal construction,making incentive policy,strengthening hydropower management and enhancing scientific & technological support.%小水电作为国际公认的清洁可再生能源,是一种重要的分布式能源,适宜在贫困山区农村发展以及分散开发,具有明显的社会公益性.分3个阶段回顾了中国小水电的发展历程,而后指出目前小水电发展面临的主要问题,包括法制不健全、行业缺乏统一管理、水能资源规划落后以及生产经营存在困难等.在此基础上,提出一揽子政策建议,包括重视法制化建设、加快制定新的激励政策、加强水能资源管理和强化科技支撑作用等.
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