为了对贵州烟田杂草的化学防除提供理论依据,研究了烟田杂草的出苗规律,并进行了几种药剂的防治试验.结果表明,烟田杂草以马唐、狗尾草、反枝苋、空心莲子草、辣子草、大籽蒿等为优势杂草种群,发生数量和鲜重占杂草群体比例分别为79.71％和75.56％;烤烟移栽后20 d是烟田杂草的出苗高峰期;参试各杂草防治药剂中,25％砜嘧磺隆DF的防除效果最好,药后45 d群体鲜重防效在70％以上,田间推荐使用剂量为5 g/667m2;茎叶除草剂处理区烟叶鲜重产量高于土壤除草剂处理区,试验药剂对烤烟及后茬作物小麦安全.%Four herbicides were tested in tobacco field based on studying weed emergence regulation to provide the theoretical basis for application of herbicides in tobacco fields in Guizhou. The results showed that Digitaria sanguinalis, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Amaranthus retro flexus, Alternanthera philoxides, Galinsoga parviflora and Artemisia sieversiana were the dominant weed populations and their occurrence amount and fresh weight in total weed population were 79. 71% and 75. 56% respectively. The peak weed emergence stage was in 20th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting. The control efficiency of 25% Rimsulfuron DF was the best among the four tested herbicides and its control efficiency of population fresh weight could reach above 70% in 45th day after spraying. The recommended dosage was 5 g/667m2 in tobacco field. The fresh tobacco weight of the treatment applying herbicides with controlling stem and leaf was higher than the treatment applying herbicides with controlling soil. Four tested herbicides were safety to tobacco and wheat.
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