为烤烟产业化发展及专业化散烟分级队伍建设提供参考,采取随机抽查和问卷调查相结合方式,对贵州省岑巩县天马烟叶中心站的95名烤烟专业化分级人员的年龄、文化程度、民族、性别、分级培训和烤烟种植等基本情况进行调查,并针对烤烟专业化分级队伍建设存在的问题提出了相应对策.结果表明:贵州山区烤烟专业化散烟分级人员以少数民族妇女为主,文化程度偏低,年龄结构基本合理;个人平均分级烟叶2 173.0 kg/月,平均收入1 955.7元/月,分级人员的工作量和工资收入水平等较低,与烤烟专业化分级队伍建设目标的差距较大.针对烟叶分级人员素质参差不齐、来源组成复杂、管理工作不规范、分级技能较差和考核体制不健全等问题,提出了增强烟叶专业化分级人员管理水平,完善专业化分级人员奖惩制度,提高烟叶专业化分级人员综合素质、分级技能和创新专业化散烟收购模式等对策;同时以综合服务合作社为载体构建专业化分级人员信息体系,健全人员管理、培训和奖惩等制度,以提升专业化分级队伍整体水平.%The basic conditions including age, education level, nationality, gender, training and flue-cured tobacco cultivation of 95 specialization flue-cured tobacco grading workers from Tianma Flue-cured Tobacco Central Station, Cengong County were investigated by random inspection and questionnaire methods and the corresponding countermeasures to solve the existing problems in construction of specialization flue-cured tobacco grading team were proposed to provide a reference for flue-cured tobacco industrial development and specialization flue-cured tobacco grading team construction.Results: The specialization flue-cured tobacco grading workers are mainly minority women with lower education level and rational age structure.The average monthly grading flue-cured tobacco weight and average monthly income of each worker are 2 173.0 kg and 1 955.70 Yuan, which indicates the workload and salary income level of flue-cured tobacco grading workers are lower than the target of specialization flue-cured tobacco grading team construction.The countermeasures to enhance management level of specialization flue-cured tobacco grading workers, prefect the system of rewards and penalties, increase comprehensive quality and grading skill of specialization flue-cured tobacco grading workers and innovate the purchase pattern of flue-cured tobacco are proposed to promote the integral level of specialization flue-cured tobacco grading team according to the problems of irregularity quality of grading workers, complex composition of worker sources, irregular management, poor grading skill and imperfect examination system.
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