氯化冶金炉耐火材料腐蚀、黏附行为研究

摘要

Furnace burden is chemically complex in the chloride metallurgy process.Complex components of furnace burden can corrode or adhere to refractory material,which reduces the working life of refractory material and then has a strong impact on the industrialization of chloridizing-roasting gold-extracting process.Small chunks of four kinds of common firebrick were put in the furnace burden and roast.Through analyzing the phases of contact surface the high temperature surface corrosion properties caused by minerals containing CaCl2 were found.It suggests that firebricks which contain more Al2O3 are not adhesive to furnace burden,and they are chemical stable in that condition.Firebricks which contain more SiO2 will react with Ca at 1 200 ℃.The furnace burden clings to high Al2O3 content firebricks because iron oxides can be solid dissolved in Al2O3 and materials of low melting point are generated at 1 250 ℃.The content of Fe2O3 which is solid dissolved in Al2O3 increases with rising temperature.Iron enrichment of high Al2O3 content firebricks is more obvious at 1 300 ℃.%氯化冶金工艺中炉料成分复杂，易对氯化冶金炉耐火材料产生腐蚀、黏附，影响耐火材料的寿命，并阻碍氯化焙烧提金工艺产业化。将4种常见 Al2O3-SiO2系耐火砖小块放入炉料中长时间焙烧，分析其接触面的物相，得出含 CaCl2的矿粉在高温下对耐火材料的界面腐蚀特性：1200℃下高铝耐火砖不粘料、不与炉料反应，高硅耐火砖中 SiO2则会与炉料中 Ca 反应而被侵蚀；1250℃时由于铁氧化物在氧化铝中的固溶及低熔点物质的生成，高铝耐火砖开始发生炉料的黏附；1250℃时高硅耐火砖开始发生炉料的渗入，并由于Ca 元素与 SiO2的反应而被侵蚀；随着温度的升高，Fe2O3在 AlO3中的固溶量增加，1300℃时铁在高铝耐火材料中的富集更为明显。