基于速度加权叠加和AVO分析的叠前地震数据插值方法

摘要

提出了一种基于速度加权叠加和AVO分析的CMP道集外推与内插方法,通过多道信号的叠加速度扫描和加权叠加,计算插值道中的反射信号,利用AVO分析技术获得反射波同相轴的道间振幅变化规律,以此对重建地震道进行振幅校正.该方法在重建地震记录缺失道的同时,充分考虑了地震信号的动力学特征,从而使重建的地震信号在一定程度上保持了实际地震信号的相对振幅关系.应用上述方法对理论模型和实际地震资料进行了处理试验,结果表明,无论是对一次波还是多次波,该方法均可实现缺失地震道的高精度重建.%This paper presents a method for the extrapolation and interpolation of CMP traces using velocity weighted stack and AVO analysis.The method rebuilds seismic traces with multi-trace signals via gradually varied stacking velocity scanning and weighted stack.Then,the amplitude of the rebuilt seismic traces is corrected based on the amplitude variation characteristics of events in the seismic traces obtained through the AVO analysis.To some extent,the dynamic characteristics of the seismic signal are considered when rebuilding missing traces,so the relative amplitude relationship of the signal in the rebuilt seismic traces is in accord with field seismic records.The synthetic and field data tests show that,the missing traces can be rebuilt with high precision using the proposed method,using either primary or multiple waves.