South America is one of the most important regions for prospecting investment and metallogenic regularity research. The dominant mineral resources in South America, such as copper, iron, bauxite, tin, niobium, lithum, gold and silver, play an important role in the world. On the basis of the division of tectonic units and the space-time distribution, metallogenic types of the deposits as well as their metallogenic environment, the metallogenic units of South America can be assigned to three ranks, with two first-rank metalllogenic domains, nine second-rank metallogenic provinces and forty-two metallogenic belts. The naming rules, dominant min?erals and main metallogenic ages of the metallogenic units were analyzed in this paper. Finally, based on a case study of the Transama?zon metallogenic belt (Ⅲ-2) in Guyana shield metallogenic province (Ⅱ-1), the authors summarize its dominant mineral resources, metallogenic types of the deposits, ore-hosting rocks and ore-controlling factors as well as the relationships between tectonic evolu?tion, metamorphism, magmatism and mineralization.%南美洲是全球成矿规律研究的热点地区,区内优势矿产资源铜、铁、铝土矿、锡、铌、锂、金、银等在世界上占有重要地位,也是全球矿产勘查投资的重点地区.根据大地构造单元划分,结合实际矿床(点)空间分布、主要成矿类型及其成矿背景,对南美洲开展了三级成矿区带划分,共划分出2个Ⅰ级成矿区,9个Ⅱ级成矿省和42个Ⅲ级成矿带.阐述了南美洲成矿区带划分原则、命名规则、优势矿种、主要成矿时代等.以圭亚那地盾成矿省(Ⅱ-1)泛亚马孙成矿带(Ⅲ-2)为例,概述了Ⅲ级成矿带的优势矿种、矿床类型、赋矿岩系、控矿因素等,总结了区域构造演化、变质作用、岩浆活动等与成矿的关系.
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