[1]Department of Nursing Administration;
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University;
Guangzhou;
Guangdong 510260;
China;
[2]Department of Urologic Surgery;
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University;
Guangzhou;
Guangdong 510260;
China;
[3]Department of Nurse Anesthesia;
Virginia Commonwealth University;
Richmond;
VA 23284;
USA;
Smyth’s framework; critical emancipatory reflection; quality of care; nursing practice;