河流型鱼类自然保护区管理思考

摘要

Three main characteristics of the aquatic nature reserves , such as dominance by upstream inflow , dependence on river flow body and its surroundings , and linear opening system were studied .Furthermore , the difficulties and chal-lenges for the river nature reserves were elaborated: strong conflict between development and protection , disadvantages in closed management , limitation on protection work improvement due to lack of background survey and investment in basic scientific research .According to the reality of river nature reserves , on the basis of common management , the following protection management measures were proposed: 1.To focus on the impact from the upper stream and consider river eco-logical system while protecting; 2.To solidify protection basis by conducting thorough basic survey on the protection re-serve; 3.Implement adaptive management measures .%分析了河流型鱼类自然保护区上游来流主导、水体及其环境依赖、线性开放系统的主要特征。阐述了河流型鱼类自然保护区面临的保护与开发矛盾突出，封闭性管理弊端凸显，保护区本底调查缺乏及相关基础科研的投入不足严重制约保护提升的困难与挑战。针对河流型自然保护区的实际，在共性管理措施基础上，提出以下保护管理建议：（1）关注上游影响以从河流生态系统角度开展保护；（2）深入开展保护区基础调查以夯实保护基础；（3）实施适应性管理。